1) Master Antioxidant

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide (glutamate + cysteine + glycine).
It directly neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regenerates other antioxidants like vitamin C and vitamin E.
→ Reduces oxidative stress at the cellular level.

2) Liver Protection & Detox Support

High concentration in hepatocytes.
Participates in Phase II conjugation (glutathione-S-transferase pathway).
→ Binds toxins, heavy metals, drug metabolites and supports excretion.
Clinically relevant in oxidative liver stress.

3) Immune Modulation

Maintains redox balance in lymphocytes.
Supports T-cell proliferation and function.
Low GSH levels are associated with chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction.

4) Anti-Ageing Effect

Reduces cumulative oxidative cellular damage.
Supports mitochondrial function.
May slow visible signs of ageing indirectly through redox control.

5) Skin Tone & Pigment Modulation

Mechanism:

• Inhibits tyrosinase activity (mild effect)

• Shifts melanin synthesis from eumelanin → pheomelanin in some models

Reality check:

• Results are variable

• Not dramatic whitening

• Effect depends on genetics, baseline tone, dose, duration, oxidative status